SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA (SCC)

Overview

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common type of skin cancer that arises from squamous cells in the outer layers of the skin. It most often develops on sun-exposed areas such as the face, scalp, ears, lips, neck, hands, and arms.

SCC is typically more aggressive than basal cell carcinoma. While many cases grow slowly, squamous cell carcinoma has a higher potential to invade deeper tissues and, in some cases, spread to lymph nodes or distant sites if not treated promptly.

Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are important to reduce the risk of progression and complications.

Common Signs and Appearance

Squamous cell carcinoma may present in a variety of forms. Common features include:

• A firm, red or flesh-colored nodule
• A rough, scaly, or crusted patch that may grow over time
• A sore or lesion that does not heal
• A growth that bleeds easily or forms a persistent scab
• A wart-like or ulcerated lesion

SCC lesions may be tender or painful, though some remain asymptomatic in early stages.

Risk Factors

Factors that may increase the risk of squamous cell carcinoma include:

• Chronic sun exposure or cumulative ultraviolet (UV) damage
• History of sunburns
• Fair skin, light hair, or light eyes
• Weakened immune system
• History of actinic keratoses
• Prior radiation exposure
• Personal history of skin cancer

Diagnosis

Visual examination alone cannot reliably distinguish squamous cell carcinoma from other skin lesions.

Definitive diagnosis requires biopsy.

Depending on the lesion, diagnosis may involve:

• Shave biopsy
• Punch biopsy
• Complete surgical excision

The tissue sample is evaluated by a dermatopathologist, who provides a detailed pathology report to confirm the diagnosis and guide treatment planning.

Treatment Options

Surgical removal is the most common treatment for squamous cell carcinoma. The goals of treatment include:

• Complete removal of malignant tissue
• Prevention of local invasion or spread
• Preservation of function and cosmetic outcome

Treatment recommendations depend on lesion size, depth, location, and pathology findings. Options may include:

• Surgical excision
• Laser-assisted removal for selected lesions
• Topical therapy for very early or superficial lesions
• Radiation therapy in select cases

Some patients may require additional treatment or referral depending on tumor characteristics and risk factors.

Prognosis

When detected early and treated appropriately, squamous cell carcinoma often has a favorable outcome. However, untreated or advanced SCC carries a higher risk of recurrence or spread compared with basal cell carcinoma.

Regular skin examinations and prompt evaluation of suspicious lesions play an important role in reducing risk.

When to Seek Evaluation

You should seek professional evaluation if you notice:

• A persistent scaly or crusted lesion
• A sore that does not heal
• A rapidly growing or painful skin lesion
• A lesion that bleeds easily or changes in appearance

Schedule a Skin Evaluation

If you have concerns about a suspicious skin lesion or would like a comprehensive skin examination, we invite you to schedule an appointment.

📞 Call (847) 518-9999to arrange a consultation with Dr. Jozef Tryzno.

Medical Disclaimer
The information on this page is provided for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical evaluation, diagnosis, or treatment. Individual findings and treatment recommendations vary and require physician assessment.